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  • Trust

    Trust

    • Acknowledgement of Trust (already own asset) - $165
    • Change Appointor and/or Guardian of Family Trust - $110
    • Change of Name of Family Trust - $88
    • Change Trustee of Family Trust - $110
    • Dealing with Forgiven Debts (White Paper) - $55
    • Debt Recognition (including pre-Div 7A Loans) - $33
    • Declaration of Trust (before you buy) - $99
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement - $55
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement for UPE - $55
    • Family Trust - $165
    • Family Trust - Streaming & Bamford Update - $165
    • Family Trust - Update to Allow Change of Appointor and Guardian - $165
    • Family Trust - Update to allow Sole Trustee - $55
    • Family Trust - Update to Exclude Foreign Persons (NSW) - $198
    • Family Trust - Vesting - $249
    • Forgiveness of Debt - $121
    • Opening Minutes for the Unit Trust - $33
    • Partnership Deed - $220
    • Release of Unpaid Trust Entitlement - $121
    • The new small business restructure roll-over rules in practice (White Paper) - $55
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2008/09 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2009/10 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2010/11 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2011/12 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2012/13 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2012/13 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2013/14 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2013/14 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2014/15 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2014/15 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2015/16 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2015/16 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2016/17 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2016/17 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2017/18 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2017/18 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2018/19 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2018/19 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2019/20 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2019/20 - Single-Use - $121
    • Unit Trust - $149
    • Unit Trust - Add New Member Kit - $110
    • Webinar Recording - All About Family Trusts - $66
    • Webinar Recording - Are Family Trusts “Done” as an Asset Protection Tool? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Asset Protection - Dealing with Risk in Hard Times - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Beneficiary Entitlements in Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Family Trust v Family Court - Not a marriage made in Heaven - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Fixing Family Trust Deeds - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Know Thy Business Structure - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Managing Trust UPEs - How to do it and potential tax exposures - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Powers and Problems of Trustees - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Pros and Cons of Unit Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The who, what, when & how of Family Trust Elections - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trust Tax Issues and CGT Small Business Concessions - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trusts - Asset Protection on Peptides - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trusts Revisited - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Unit Trust v Family Trust - Which is Better for Investing? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Untangling Discretionary Trusts – A Family Lawyer’s Perspective - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Winding Up Trusts and Tax Consequences - $77
  • Superannuation

    Superannuation

    • Acknowledgement of Trust (already own asset) - $165
    • Commercial Lease - $220
    • Declaration of Trust (before you buy) - $99
    • Derivative Risk Statement for SMSF - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 15/16 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 16/17 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 17/18 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 18/19 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 19/20 - $65
    • Pension Pack for Self Managed Super - $299
    • Product Disclosure Statement (general) - $66
    • Product Disclosure Statement (Pension only) - $99
    • Self Managed Superannuation Fund Deed - $149
    • SMSF - Minute to Appoint Administrator - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Appoint an Auditor - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements 07/08 - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements 08/09 - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements 09/10 - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Insure The Members - $33
    • SMSF - Update Rules - $165
    • SMSF Commercial Property Assessment - $415
    • SMSF Full Valuation - $585
    • SMSF Kerbside Assessment - $415
    • SMSF Limited Recourse Borrowing Arrangement - $220
    • Statutory Declaration - $0
    • Webinar Recording - Accountant Road Rules for Super - $77
    • Webinar Recording - How does the 2016 Budget affect SMSF Trustees? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Investment Restrictions for Self Managed Superannuation Funds - $75
    • Webinar Recording - Pitfalls that SMSF Trustees should avoid - $77
    • Webinar Recording - SMSF End of Year Essentials - $77
    • Webinar Recording - SMSFs and Related Party Loans - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Superannuation: Current status of the proposed changes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Protected Super Myth’Conception - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Time to Address the SMSF Sleeper - Estate Planning within the fund - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Tips and Traps for Property Investment in your SMSF - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Understanding the 2017 Superannuation Changes - $77
  • Estate Planning

    Estate Planning

    • Buy Sell Agreement Company - $197
    • Capital Gains Tax Asset Register kit - $33
    • Codicil to change the Executor - $99
    • Confidentiality Agreement (Non Disclosure) - $99
    • Debt Recognition (including pre-Div 7A Loans) - $33
    • Enduring Power of Attorney - NSW - $55
    • Enduring Power of Attorney - SA - $55
    • Enduring Power of Attorney - WA - $55
    • Enduring Power of Attorney (Financial, Personal/Health) - QLD - $55
    • Enduring Power of Guardianship - NSW - $55
    • Enduring Power of Guardianship - WA - $55
    • Power Of Attorney By Company - $99
    • Webinar Recording - Estate Planning Basics for Professional Advisers - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Time to Address the SMSF Sleeper - Estate Planning within the fund - $77
    • Webinar Recording - When a Will is not Simple - $77
    • Will - Married or Defacto No Children - $77
    • Will - Married or Defacto with Children - $77
    • Will - Single No Children - $99
    • Will - Single With Children - $99
  • Commercial

    Commercial

    • Advanced Legal Health Check for Businesses - $18
    • Buy a House with Friends Agreement - $110
    • Commercial Lease - $220
    • Commercial Property Valuation Request - $0
    • Confidentiality Agreement (Non Disclosure) - $99
    • Co-Owners Agreement - $110
    • Dealing with Forgiven Debts (White Paper) - $55
    • Debt Recognition (including pre-Div 7A Loans) - $33
    • Debt Recovery Kit - Qld - $44
    • Declaration of Trust (before you buy) - $99
    • Demand and Statement of Claim for Debt - NSW - $88
    • Demand and Summons for Debt - VIC - $88
    • Demand and Summons for Debt - WA - $88
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement - $55
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement for UPE - $55
    • Forgiveness of Debt - $121
    • Loan Agreement (No Security) - $99
    • Release of Unpaid Trust Entitlement - $121
    • Statutory Declaration - $0
    • Terms of Trade (Non ROT) - $132
    • The new small business restructure roll-over rules in practice (White Paper) - $55
    • Webinar Recording - Avoiding Business Disputes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Maximising your Business Value - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Navigating Small Business Restructure Roll-overs - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Small Business Tax and Financial Risks - $77
  • Employment

    Employment

    • Confidentiality Agreement (Non Disclosure) - $99
    • Employment - Conduct Issues Letter - $33
    • Employment - Employee Expenses Policy - $55
    • Employment - Performance Issues Letter - $33
    • Employment - Request for Medical Information - $33
    • Employment - Termination Letter - $33
    • Employment - Transferring Employee Letter - $33
    • Employment Contract - $99
    • Independent Contractors Agreement - $99
    • Partnership Deed - $220
    • Statutory Declaration - $0
    • Webinar Recording - Are you Ready for Bullying in the Workplace? - $66
    • Webinar Recording - Employee Engagement and Share Plans - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Employee v Contractor - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Social Media in the Workplace - $77
  • Company

    Company

    • Acknowledgement of Trust (already own asset) - $165
    • Adopt Committee Recommendations kit - $33
    • Appoint a Committee kit - $33
    • Appoint an Alternate Director kit - $33
    • Appoint Managing Director & Confer Powers kit - $33
    • Build a Company - $99
    • Build a Company (ELodgement) - $625
    • Buy a House with Friends Agreement - $110
    • Buy Sell Agreement Company - $197
    • Capital Gains Tax Asset Register kit - $33
    • Change Registered Office kit - $33
    • Commercial Lease - $220
    • Company Constitution Update - $99
    • Confidentiality Agreement (Non Disclosure) - $99
    • Co-Owners Agreement - $110
    • Debt Recognition (including pre-Div 7A Loans) - $33
    • Declaration of Trust (before you buy) - $99
    • Demand and Statement of Claim for Debt - NSW - $88
    • Demand and Summons for Debt - VIC - $88
    • Demand and Summons for Debt - WA - $88
    • Director‘s Indemnity Agreement - Compulsory Insurance - $197
    • Director‘s Indemnity Agreement - No Insurance - $197
    • Directors Conflict of Interest Kit - $44
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement - $55
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement for UPE - $55
    • Employment Contract - $99
    • Family Trust - Vesting - $249
    • Forgiveness of Debt - $121
    • Independent Contractors Agreement - $99
    • Loan Agreement (No Security) - $99
    • Minutes for Members to Inspect Books - $33
    • Minutes for Resigning Director - $33
    • Opening Minutes for the Unit Trust - $33
    • Partnership Deed - $220
    • Power Of Attorney By Company - $99
    • Release of Unpaid Trust Entitlement - $121
    • Remove a Managing Director kit - $33
    • Remove and Replace a Director kit - $44
    • Replace Company Secretary kit - $44
    • Self Managed Superannuation Fund Deed - $149
    • Statutory Declaration - $0
    • Terms of Trade (Non ROT) - $132
    • Transfer of Shares Kit - $0
    • Unit Trust - $149
    • Unit Trust - Add New Member Kit - $110
    • Webinar Recording - Companies - Things you should know, but probably don’t! - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Know Thy Business Structure - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Private Company Cash - Division 7A Complications for Professional Advisors - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Year End Tax Planning - $77
  • Webinars

    Webinars

    • Webinar Recording - Accessing Company & Trust Documents in Family Law - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Accountant Road Rules for Super - $77
    • Webinar Recording - All About Family Trusts - $66
    • Webinar Recording - Are Family Trusts “Done” as an Asset Protection Tool? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Are you Ready for Bullying in the Workplace? - $66
    • Webinar Recording - Asset Protection - Dealing with Risk in Hard Times - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Avoiding Business Disputes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Beneficiary Entitlements in Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Companies - Things you should know, but probably don’t! - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Dealing with Divorce - An Accountant’s Perspective - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Dealing with Mistakes and Variations in Family Trust Deeds - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Demise of the Accountants’ Exemption - Walking the line, post 1 July 2016 - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Distributing Capital from Family Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Do Pre-Nups Work Anymore? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Employee Engagement and Share Plans - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Employee v Contractor - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Estate Planning Basics for Professional Advisers - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Family Trust v Family Court - Not a marriage made in Heaven - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Fixing Family Trust Deeds - $77
    • Webinar Recording - How does the 2016 Budget affect SMSF Trustees? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Investment Restrictions for Self Managed Superannuation Funds - $75
    • Webinar Recording - Know Thy Business Structure - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Managing Trust UPEs - How to do it and potential tax exposures - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Maximising your Business Value - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Navigating Small Business Restructure Roll-overs - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Pitfalls that SMSF Trustees should avoid - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Private Company Cash - Division 7A Complications for Professional Advisors - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Project Do It - ATO Amnesty Information Session - $0
    • Webinar Recording - Small Business Tax and Financial Risks - $77
    • Webinar Recording - SMSF End of Year Essentials - $77
    • Webinar Recording - SMSFs and Related Party Loans - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Social Media in the Workplace - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Stimulus measures and year-end tax planning for companies and trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Superannuation: Current status of the proposed changes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Powers and Problems of Trustees - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Pros and Cons of Unit Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Protected Super Myth’Conception - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The who, what, when & how of Family Trust Elections - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Time to Address the SMSF Sleeper - Estate Planning within the fund - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Tips and Traps for Property Investment in your SMSF - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trust Tax Issues and CGT Small Business Concessions - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trusts - Asset Protection on Peptides - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trusts Revisited - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Understanding the 2017 Superannuation Changes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Unit Trust v Family Trust - Which is Better for Investing? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Untangling Discretionary Trusts – A Family Lawyer’s Perspective - $77
    • Webinar Recording - When a Will is not Simple - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Winding Up Trusts and Tax Consequences - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Year End Tax Planning - $77
    • Webinar Recording - You’ve Been Served! - How to deal with a family law subpoena - $77
    • webinar20201125 - Webinar Test 2 - $88
  • All documents

    All documents

    • Acknowledgement of Trust (already own asset) - $165
    • Adopt Committee Recommendations kit - $33
    • Advanced Legal Health Check for Businesses - $18
    • Appoint a Committee kit - $33
    • Appoint an Alternate Director kit - $33
    • Appoint Managing Director & Confer Powers kit - $33
    • Build a Company - $99
    • Build a Company (ELodgement) - $625
    • Buy a House with Friends Agreement - $110
    • Buy Sell Agreement Company - $197
    • Capital Gains Tax Asset Register kit - $33
    • Change Appointor and/or Guardian of Family Trust - $110
    • Change of Name of Family Trust - $88
    • Change Registered Office kit - $33
    • Change Trustee of Family Trust - $110
    • Codicil to change the Executor - $99
    • Commercial Lease - $220
    • Commercial Property Valuation Request - $0
    • Company Constitution Update - $99
    • Confidentiality Agreement (Non Disclosure) - $99
    • Co-Owners Agreement - $110
    • Dealing with Forgiven Debts (White Paper) - $55
    • Debt Recognition (including pre-Div 7A Loans) - $33
    • Debt Recovery Kit - Qld - $44
    • Declaration of Trust (before you buy) - $99
    • Demand and Statement of Claim for Debt - NSW - $88
    • Demand and Summons for Debt - VIC - $88
    • Demand and Summons for Debt - WA - $88
    • Derivative Risk Statement for SMSF - $65
    • Director‘s Indemnity Agreement - Compulsory Insurance - $197
    • Director‘s Indemnity Agreement - No Insurance - $197
    • Directors Conflict of Interest Kit - $44
    • Disclaimer - Email - $55
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement - $55
    • Div 7A Loan Agreement for UPE - $55
    • Employment - Conduct Issues Letter - $33
    • Employment - Employee Expenses Policy - $55
    • Employment - Performance Issues Letter - $33
    • Employment - Request for Medical Information - $33
    • Employment - Termination Letter - $33
    • Employment - Transferring Employee Letter - $33
    • Employment Contract - $99
    • Enduring Power of Attorney - NSW - $55
    • Enduring Power of Attorney - SA - $55
    • Enduring Power of Attorney - WA - $55
    • Enduring Power of Attorney (Financial, Personal/Health) - QLD - $55
    • Enduring Power of Guardianship - NSW - $55
    • Enduring Power of Guardianship - WA - $55
    • Family Trust - $165
    • Family Trust - Streaming & Bamford Update - $165
    • Family Trust - Update to Allow Change of Appointor and Guardian - $165
    • Family Trust - Update to allow Sole Trustee - $55
    • Family Trust - Update to Exclude Foreign Persons (NSW) - $198
    • Family Trust - Vesting - $249
    • Forgiveness of Debt - $121
    • Independent Contractors Agreement - $99
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 15/16 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 16/17 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 17/18 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 18/19 - $65
    • Investment Strategy for Self Managed Super 19/20 - $65
    • Loan Agreement (No Security) - $99
    • Minutes for Members to Inspect Books - $33
    • Minutes for Resigning Director - $33
    • Opening Minutes for the Unit Trust - $33
    • Partnership Deed - $220
    • Pension Pack for Self Managed Super - $299
    • Power Of Attorney By Company - $99
    • Product Disclosure Statement (general) - $66
    • Product Disclosure Statement (Pension only) - $99
    • Release of Unpaid Trust Entitlement - $121
    • Remove a Managing Director kit - $33
    • Remove and Replace a Director kit - $44
    • Replace Company Secretary kit - $44
    • Self Managed Superannuation Fund Deed - $149
    • SMSF - Minute to Appoint Administrator - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Appoint an Auditor - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements 07/08 - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements 08/09 - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Approve Financial Statements 09/10 - $33
    • SMSF - Minute to Insure The Members - $33
    • SMSF - Update Rules - $165
    • SMSF Commercial Property Assessment - $415
    • SMSF Full Valuation - $585
    • SMSF Kerbside Assessment - $415
    • SMSF Limited Recourse Borrowing Arrangement - $220
    • SMSF Subscription - $99
    • Statutory Declaration - $0
    • Terms of Trade (Non ROT) - $132
    • The new small business restructure roll-over rules in practice (White Paper) - $55
    • Transfer of Shares Kit - $0
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2008/09 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2009/10 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2010/11 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2011/12 - $99
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2012/13 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2012/13 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2013/14 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2013/14 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2014/15 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2014/15 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2015/16 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2015/16 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2016/17 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2016/17 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2017/18 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2017/18 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2018/19 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2018/19 - Single-Use - $110
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2019/20 - Multi-Use - $350
    • Trust Distribution Minutes Library for 2019/20 - Single-Use - $121
    • Unit Trust - $149
    • Unit Trust - Add New Member Kit - $110
    • Webinar Recording - Accessing Company & Trust Documents in Family Law - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Accountant Road Rules for Super - $77
    • Webinar Recording - All About Family Trusts - $66
    • Webinar Recording - Are Family Trusts “Done” as an Asset Protection Tool? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Are you Ready for Bullying in the Workplace? - $66
    • Webinar Recording - Asset Protection - Dealing with Risk in Hard Times - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Avoiding Business Disputes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Beneficiary Entitlements in Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Companies - Things you should know, but probably don’t! - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Dealing with Divorce - An Accountant’s Perspective - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Dealing with Mistakes and Variations in Family Trust Deeds - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Demise of the Accountants’ Exemption - Walking the line, post 1 July 2016 - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Distributing Capital from Family Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Do Pre-Nups Work Anymore? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Employee Engagement and Share Plans - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Employee v Contractor - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Estate Planning Basics for Professional Advisers - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Family Trust v Family Court - Not a marriage made in Heaven - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Fixing Family Trust Deeds - $77
    • Webinar Recording - How does the 2016 Budget affect SMSF Trustees? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Investment Restrictions for Self Managed Superannuation Funds - $75
    • Webinar Recording - Know Thy Business Structure - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Managing Trust UPEs - How to do it and potential tax exposures - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Maximising your Business Value - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Navigating Small Business Restructure Roll-overs - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Pitfalls that SMSF Trustees should avoid - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Private Company Cash - Division 7A Complications for Professional Advisors - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Project Do It - ATO Amnesty Information Session - $0
    • Webinar Recording - Small Business Tax and Financial Risks - $77
    • Webinar Recording - SMSF End of Year Essentials - $77
    • Webinar Recording - SMSFs and Related Party Loans - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Social Media in the Workplace - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Stimulus measures and year-end tax planning for companies and trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Superannuation: Current status of the proposed changes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Powers and Problems of Trustees - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Pros and Cons of Unit Trusts - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The Protected Super Myth’Conception - $77
    • Webinar Recording - The who, what, when & how of Family Trust Elections - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Time to Address the SMSF Sleeper - Estate Planning within the fund - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Tips and Traps for Property Investment in your SMSF - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trust Tax Issues and CGT Small Business Concessions - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trusts - Asset Protection on Peptides - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Trusts Revisited - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Understanding the 2017 Superannuation Changes - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Unit Trust v Family Trust - Which is Better for Investing? - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Untangling Discretionary Trusts – A Family Lawyer’s Perspective - $77
    • Webinar Recording - When a Will is not Simple - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Winding Up Trusts and Tax Consequences - $77
    • Webinar Recording - Year End Tax Planning - $77
    • Webinar Recording - You’ve Been Served! - How to deal with a family law subpoena - $77
    • webinar20201125 - Webinar Test 2 - $88
    • Website Terms And Conditions - $99
    • Will - Married or Defacto No Children - $77
    • Will - Married or Defacto with Children - $77
    • Will - Single No Children - $99
    • Will - Single With Children - $99
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Print Version Back

Are you an Employee or Independent Contractor?

Issue: 547 - Thursday, 13 December 2018

In this Issue

  1. Are you an Employee or Independent Contractor?

1. Are you an Employee or Independent Contractor?

by John Wojtowicz (Director - Law Central Legal)

People are increasingly opting for more flexible working arrangements. Flexible working arrangements can be beneficial for business owners and can grant employees a more suitable work/life balance. The ever evolving form of flexible working arrangements can make it difficult to determine if an individual is an employee or an independent contractor. It is an important question that all people who provide labour should be asking themselves. The reason why this question is so important, is because it can have a major impact on your entitlements. It is not uncommon for businesses to hire someone as an ‘independent contractor’ when under law they are actually an employee. These ‘independent contractors’ are often missing out on their employee entitlements such as superannuation and holiday pay because the business has incorrectly classified the arrangement.  

Are you an Employee or Independent Contractor: The Control Test

Historically, when the Courts were required to determine whether an individual was an employee or independent contractor, they would apply the Control Test. The law required the Courts to consider the level of control the principal had over the individual. If the principal was able to exercise a high level of control then the individual was generally be considered to be an employee. There would be a high level of control when the individual is told what jobs to complete, the order to complete them and how to complete them. If the principal has a minimal amount of control over the individual then the individual would likely be considered an independent contractor. This might occur when you hire a tradesman to do maintenance to your property. They can generally decide when to start work; in what order they will address the issues; and the method used to complete the task. 

With the control test, the focus is not on the control which is actually exercised but rather the potential to control. A principal may choose not to control or supervise the individual but this does not mean the individual is an independent contractor. If the principal has the potential to control the individual, this will be enough to deem it an employer/employee relationship under the control test.

Are you an Employee or Independent Contractor: The Multifactorial Test    

In the case of Stevens v Brodribb Sawmilling Company Pty Ltd (1986), Mason J confirmed that control was no longer the only consideration for determining if an individual was an employee or independent contractor. He stated “the existence of control, whilst significant, is not the sole criterion by which to gauge whether a relationship is one of employment. The approach of this Court has been to regard it merely as one of a number of indicia which must be considered in the determination of that question.” As such, the Court now took into account a much wider range of considerations when deciding if an individual was an employee. Some judges have referred to this new test as the multifactorial test.

A non-exhaustive list of factors which may be taken into account was set out in the Federal Court case of Fair Work Ombudsman v Grouped Property Services Pty Ltd [2016], the factors include:

  • whether tax is deducted from the income of the individual;
  • whether the individual is permitted to sub-contract their obligations;
  • whether the individual is required to wear a uniform;
  • whether tools are supplied;
  • whether holidays are permitted;
  • whether wages are paid;
  • what is disclosed in the tax returns;
  • whether one party ‘represents’ the other party;
  • for the benefit of whom does the goodwill in the business invest; and
  • how ‘business like’ is the business of the individual  – are there systems, manuals, and invoices in place?

Once all the factors have been considered, a value judgement must then be made by looking at the whole of the factors together. In The Worker and the Law, Lord Wedderburn referred to the use by courts of the multi-factorial test of looking at the whole picture as the “elephant-test” – an animal too difficult to define but easy to recognise when you see it.

Despite the difficulty in defining the process,  there have been attempts by the Courts to legally formulate the multifactorial test. When he was faced with the issue of whether someone was an employee in On Call Interpreters and Translators Agency Pty Ltd v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (No 3) (2011), Bromberg J quoted Mummery J in Hall (Inspector of Taxes) v Lorimer [1992]. Mummery J had stated:

“The object of the exercise is to paint a picture from the accumulation of detail. The overall effect can only be appreciated by standing back from the detailed picture which has been painted, by viewing it from a distance and by making an informed, considered, qualitative appreciation of the whole. It is a matter of evaluation of the overall effect of the detail, which is not necessarily the same as the sum total of the individual details. Not all details are of equal weight or importance in any given situation. The details may also vary in importance from one situation to another.”

The Australia Tax Office will apply the multifactorial test when determining if someone is an employee or independent contractor for the purpose of taxation. See their summary of the multifactorial test:

https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Employee-or-contractor/Difference-between-employees-and-contractors/

Are you an Employee or Independent Contractor: Under Legislation

The multifactorial approach is the current common law approach for determining if someone is an employee or an independent contractor. However in some circumstances, statute may modify the distinction between employee and independent contractor.

One example of this is the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 (Cth) (“the Act”). The Act places a requirement on employers to pay superannuation for their employees. However, the Act does not rely on the common law distinction between employee and contractor but instead creates its own set of requirements. As stated in section 12(3) of the Act “If a person works under a contract that is wholly or principally for the labour of the person, the person is an employee of the other party to the contract.” This means that even if a person is not an employee under the common law, for the purposes of superannuation, they may be considered an employee. The Act makes it clear in section 12(1)(a) that the purpose of the alternative definitions is to “expand the meaning of those terms.”

It is therefore important that legislation relating to specific entitlements is consulted in addition to the multifactorial test when attempting to determine whether someone is an employee or an independent contractor.

Gold and Platinum members read on for information on whether company directors are considered employees or independent contractors.

Platinum Members, click here to view content

Disclaimer: The content of this Bulletin is general information only. It is not legal advice. Law Central recommends you seek professional advice before taking any action based on the content of this Bulletin.

Related documents:

  • Employment Contract
  • Independent Contractor Agreement

Related webinars:

  • Webinar Recording - Employee V Contractor


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